Macanese pataca eritrean nakfa exchange rate history (MOP ERN) December 2023

Macanese pataca eritrean nakfa history for December 2023. The highest quote for this month is 1.9205 (19/12/2023) and the lowest 1.9339 (14/12/2023). The difference between high and low is -0.7.

MOP ERN average rate for December 2023 is 1.90314, the change between 01/12/2023 and 31/12/2023 is +0.5 %.

01 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.914 ERN
02 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.870 ERN
03 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.870 ERN
04 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.912 ERN
05 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.915 ERN
06 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.913 ERN
07 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.917 ERN
08 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.913 ERN
10 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.871 ERN
11 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.914 ERN
12 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.917 ERN
13 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.918 ERN
14 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.914 ERN
15 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.918 ERN
16 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.875 ERN
17 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.875 ERN
18 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.905 ERN
19 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.920 ERN
20 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.919 ERN
21 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.915 ERN
22 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.914 ERN
23 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.870 ERN
24 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.873 ERN
26 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.911 ERN
27 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.912 ERN
28 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.915 ERN
29 December 2023	1 MOP = 1.905 ERN

08/04/2020: COVID-19 impact on currency circulation

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, circulation of nakfa banknotes decreased as people relied more on digital transactions.

20/12/2019: Macao–Hong Kong Financial Cooperation Agreement signed

The Macau and Hong Kong authorities signed a financial cooperation agreement to strengthen monetary and financial stability, impacting the value and role of the Macanese pataca.

25/02/2019: Introduction of new nakfa banknotes

Eritrea introduced new banknotes in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 nakfa.

30/10/2018: Currency devaluation

Eritrea devalued the nakfa by 14%, reducing its official exchange rate to 1 USD = 15 ERN.

22/01/2015: Dollarization policy imposed

Eritrea imposed a dollarization policy, making the US dollar the predominant currency for most transactions.

14/11/2005: Currency redenomination

The Eritrean nakfa underwent a redenomination where old nakfa notes were replaced with new nakfa notes in a ratio of 1:1,000.

08/11/1997: Introduction of the Eritrean nakfa

The Eritrean nakfa was introduced as the official currency of Eritrea, replacing the Ethiopian birr.

08/11/1997: Currency exchange rate fixed

The Eritrean nakfa was fixed at an exchange rate of 1 USD = 10 ERN.

08/05/1995: Currency board system implemented

Macau adopted a currency board system, establishing a fixed exchange rate between the Macanese pataca and the Hong Kong dollar.

20/10/1977: Internationalization of the pataca

Macau allowed the international use and exchange of the Macanese pataca, strengthening its role as a stable and convertible currency.

08/06/1967: Link with Portuguese escudo reestablished

The Macanese pataca was once again pegged to the Portuguese escudo, ending the gold standard era.

18/06/1948: Gold standard introduced

The Macanese pataca switched to the gold standard, with its value pegged to gold coins. The gold standard lasted until 1967.

17/03/1906: Silver standard established

Macau adopted the silver standard for the pataca, linking its value to silver coins in circulation. This standard remained in place until 1948.

27/10/1901: Introduction of Macanese pataca

The Macanese pataca was first introduced as the official currency of Macau, replacing the Portuguese real. It was initially pegged to the Portuguese escudo.

Historic Macanese pataca Eritrean nakfa