20/12/2019: Macao–Hong Kong Financial Cooperation Agreement signed
The Macau and Hong Kong authorities signed a financial cooperation agreement to strengthen monetary and financial stability, impacting the value and role of the Macanese pataca.
24/10/2018: 50 Ngultrum commemorative banknote issued
A special commemorative banknote of 50 Ngultrum was issued to celebrate the 50th Birth Anniversary of His Majesty Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck.
28/10/2013: 1000 Ngultrum banknote issued
A new denomination of 1000 Ngultrum banknote was introduced, reflecting the growing economy and need for larger denomination currency.
09/06/2011: Second series of Ngultrum banknotes issued
The second series of Bhutanese Ngultrum banknotes were issued, featuring improved security features and updated designs representing Bhutan's unique culture.
21/11/2006: Introduction of polymer banknotes
Polymer banknotes were introduced in Bhutan, replacing the older paper banknotes, to enhance durability and security of the currency.
08/05/1995: Currency board system implemented
Macau adopted a currency board system, establishing a fixed exchange rate between the Macanese pataca and the Hong Kong dollar.
04/03/1992: First series of Ngultrum banknotes issued
The first series of Bhutanese Ngultrum banknotes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 Ngultrum, showcasing Bhutanese culture and landmarks.
20/10/1977: Internationalization of the pataca
Macau allowed the international use and exchange of the Macanese pataca, strengthening its role as a stable and convertible currency.
31/12/1975: Establishment of the Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan
The Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan was established as the central bank of Bhutan, responsible for managing the Ngultrum currency.
31/05/1974: Introduction of the Bhutanese Ngultrum
The Bhutanese Ngultrum was introduced as the official currency of Bhutan to replace the Indian Rupee.
08/06/1967: Link with Portuguese escudo reestablished
The Macanese pataca was once again pegged to the Portuguese escudo, ending the gold standard era.
18/06/1948: Gold standard introduced
The Macanese pataca switched to the gold standard, with its value pegged to gold coins. The gold standard lasted until 1967.
17/03/1906: Silver standard established
Macau adopted the silver standard for the pataca, linking its value to silver coins in circulation. This standard remained in place until 1948.
27/10/1901: Introduction of Macanese pataca
The Macanese pataca was first introduced as the official currency of Macau, replacing the Portuguese real. It was initially pegged to the Portuguese escudo.