02/03/2020: COVID-19 impact
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in economic disruptions, affecting the Ukrainian Hryvnia and causing volatility in the currency markets.
20/12/2019: Macao–Hong Kong Financial Cooperation Agreement signed
The Macau and Hong Kong authorities signed a financial cooperation agreement to strengthen monetary and financial stability, impacting the value and role of the Macanese pataca.
05/02/2015: Currency devaluation
Due to the economic crisis, the Ukrainian Hryvnia experienced a significant devaluation, leading to a sharp increase in prices and financial hardships.
20/02/2014: Ukrainian revolution
The Ukrainian revolution began, leading to political instability and economic challenges, impacting the value and stability of the Ukrainian Hryvnia.
01/07/2008: Exchange rate flexibility
Ukraine implemented a flexible exchange rate system, allowing the Ukrainian Hryvnia to fluctuate based on market forces rather than being pegged to a fixed rate.
01/10/2004: Banknote redesign
New banknotes of the Ukrainian Hryvnia were issued with enhanced security features and updated designs, aimed at combating counterfeiting.
02/09/1996: Currency reform
A currency reform was conducted, introducing new banknotes and coins of the Ukrainian Hryvnia, addressing issues of inflation and stabilization.
08/05/1995: Currency board system implemented
Macau adopted a currency board system, establishing a fixed exchange rate between the Macanese pataca and the Hong Kong dollar.
02/09/1992: Introduction of the Ukrainian Hryvnia
The Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH) was introduced as the national currency, replacing the Soviet ruble, marking Ukraine's economic independence.
20/10/1977: Internationalization of the pataca
Macau allowed the international use and exchange of the Macanese pataca, strengthening its role as a stable and convertible currency.
08/06/1967: Link with Portuguese escudo reestablished
The Macanese pataca was once again pegged to the Portuguese escudo, ending the gold standard era.
18/06/1948: Gold standard introduced
The Macanese pataca switched to the gold standard, with its value pegged to gold coins. The gold standard lasted until 1967.
17/03/1906: Silver standard established
Macau adopted the silver standard for the pataca, linking its value to silver coins in circulation. This standard remained in place until 1948.
27/10/1901: Introduction of Macanese pataca
The Macanese pataca was first introduced as the official currency of Macau, replacing the Portuguese real. It was initially pegged to the Portuguese escudo.